Affects mainly old age group.
2- A 52-year-old woman has felt a lump in her breast for the past 2 months. On physical examination a firm 2 to 3 cm mass is palpable in the upper outer quadrant of her right breast. There are no palpable axillary nodes. A lumpectomy with axillary node dissection is performed. The breast lesion is found to have positive immunohistochemical staining for HER2/neu (c-erb B2). Staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors is negative. Which of the following treatment options is most likely to be efficacious in this woman?
A Letrozole
B Tamoxifen
C Trastuzumab
D Prednisone
E Doxorubicin
3- A 48-year-old woman has a malignant lymphoma involving lymph nodes in the para-aortic region. She is treated with a chemotherapeutic agent which results in the loss of individual neoplastic cells through fragmentation of individual cell nuclei and cytoplasm. Over the next 2 months, the lymphoma decreases in size, as documented on abdominal CT scans. By which of the following mechanisms has her neoplasm primarily responded to therapy?
A Coagulative necrosis
B Mitochondrial poisoning
C Phagocytosis
D Acute inflammation
E Apoptosis
4- A 40-year-old woman had laparoscopic surgery 3 months ago. Now she has a small 0.5 cm nodule beneath the skin at the incision site that was sutured. Which of the following cell types is most likely to be most characteristic of the inflammatory response in this situation?
A Mast cell
B Eosinophil
C Giant cell
D Neutrophil
E Plasma cell
5-A 44-year-old woman notes a lump in her left breast while taking a shower. Her physician palpates a 3 cm firm, irregular, non-movable mass in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast on physical examination. A fine needle aspiration of this mass is performed, and cytologically the cells are consistent with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The mass is removed with lumpectomy along with an axillary lymph node dissection. Which of the following findings will best predict a better prognosis for this patient?
A Tumor cells strongly estrogen receptor positive
B No metastases in the sampled lymph nodes
C Flow cytometric analysis with aneuploidy and a high S-phase
D One relative who had a similar type of breast cancer
E High cytologic tumor grade